Chinese Classical Literature

《旅馆之夜》 舒婷 唇印和眼泪合作的爱情告示 勇敢地爬进邮筒 邮筒冰冷 久已不用 封条像绷带在风中微微摆动 楼檐在黑猫的爪下柔软起伏 大卡车把睡眠轧得又薄又硬 短跑选手 整夜梦见击发的枪声 魔术师接不住他的鸡蛋 路灯尖叫着爆炸 蛋黄的涂料让夜更加嶙峋 穿睡袍的女人 惊天动地拉开房门 光脚在地毯上狂奔如鹿 墙上掠过巨大的飞蛾 扑向电话铃声的蓬蓬之火 听筒里一片 沉寂 只有雪 在远方的电线上歌唱不息 Uneasy Night in a Hotel Shu Ting The love announcement co-authored by lip prints and a tear Bravely climbs up the pillar into the postbox Which is ice cold And has been out of commission a long time The paper strip sealing it like a bandage wavers faintly in the wind The eaves curve softly under a black cat’s paws Large trucks ride over sleep till it’s flattened thin and hard Sprinters Dream all night long of the starting pistol’s shot The jugglers can’t hold onto their eggs Street lamps explode with a screech Paint the color of egg yolk makes night seem all the more scraggly A woman in a nightgown Opens the door like an earthquake Bare feet dash like crazy deer across the carpet A huge flying moth flutters across the wall Flames spurt out above the jangling telephone The receiver sounds c...

《昙智禅师院》 韦应物 高年不复出，门径众草生。 时夏方新雨，果药发馀荣。 疏澹下林景，流暮幽禽情。 身名两俱遣，独此野寺行。 At Cloud-Wisdom Monastery, in the Ch’an Master’s Courtyard Wei Ying-wu Exalted with age, you never leave here: the gate-path is overgrown with grass. But summer rains have come, bringing fruits and herbs into such bright beauty, so we stroll down into forest of shadow, sharing what recluse birds feel at dusk, freed even of our names. And this much alone, we wander the countryside back. （David Hinton 译）

谈生命 On Life 冰心 Bing Xin 我不敢说生命是什么，我只能说生命像什么。 I would not venture to say what Life is; I would only say what Life is like. 生命像向东流的一江春水，他从最高处发源，冰雪是他的前身。他聚集起许多细流，合成一股有力的洪涛，向下奔注，他曲折的穿过了悬崖峭壁，冲倒了层沙积土，挟卷着滚滚的沙石，快乐勇敢地流走，一路上他享受着他所遭遇的一切：有时候他遇到巉岩前阻，他愤激地奔腾了起来，怒吼着，回旋着，前波后浪地起伏催逼，直到冲倒了这危崖，他才心平气和地一泻千里。有时候他经过了细细的平沙，斜阳芳草里，看见了夹岸红艳的桃花，他快乐而又羞怯，静静地流着，低低地吟唱着，轻轻地度过这一段浪漫的行程。 Life begins like a nascent river flowing eastward, having emerged from ice and snow somewhere up high. Converging with many a rivulet to form a powerful torrent, he embarks on his downward dash, zigzagging by cliffs, flattening dunes and mounds, churning up sands and pebbles. He rushes along with joy, with confidence, with license. When blocked by rocks, he charges with rage, roaring, twirling and swirling, wave after wave, until finally clearing the imposing obstacles and continuing his journey on a light-hearted note. Sometimes he rolls quietly on leveled terrain through green grass in the setting sun, caressing fine sand, giving now and ...

罪过 闻一多 老头儿和担子摔一交， 满地是白杏儿红樱桃。 老头儿爬起来直哆嗦， “我知道我今日的罪过！” “手破了，老头儿你瞧瞧。” “唉！都给压碎了，好樱桃！” “老头儿你别是病了罢？ 你怎么直楞着不说话？” “我知道我今日的罪过，” 一早起我儿子直催我。 我儿子躺在床上发狠， 他骂我怎么还不出城。” “我知道今日个不早了， 没有想到一下子睡着了。 这叫我怎么办，怎么办？ 回头一家人怎么吃饭？” 老头拾起来又掉了， 满地是白杏红樱桃。 Sins Wen Yiduo The old man fell down with his load, White apricots and red cherries scattered all over. The old man got up muttering incessantly, “I know my sins today!” “Your hands are bleeding, old man. Look!” “Oh, no! All crushed! Good cherries!” “Old man, are you well? Why are you staring at me without a word?” “I know my sins today! Early this morning my son kept hurrying me. My son, still in bed, got mad; He scolded me for not yet leaving the city.” “I knew it was getting late, I didn’t realize I overslept, Now when am I going to do, going to do? What will the whole family eat?” The old man picks them up and lets them go, White apricots and red cherries scattered all over. （Gloria Rogers 译）

日光 海子 梨花 在土墙上滑动 牛铎声声 大婶拉过两位小堂弟 站在我面前 像两截黑炭 日光其实很强 一种万物生长的鞭子和血！ Sunlight Hai Zi Pear blossoms Slither on top of the earthen walls Constant clinking of cattle-bells My aunt drags two little cousins over To stand before me Like two lumps of charcoal Sunlight is really quite strong A sort of whip and blood for all living things （Naikan Tao and Tony Prince 译）

《兰亭集序》林语堂 版英文译文 永和九年，岁在癸丑。暮春之初，会于会稽山阴之兰亭，修禊事也。群贤毕至，少长咸集。此地有崇山峻岭，茂林修竹，又有清流激湍，映带左右,引以为流觞曲水，列坐其次。虽无丝竹管弦之盛，一觞一咏，亦足以畅叙幽情。 It is the ninth year of Yonghe (A.C.353), also known as the year of Guichou in terms of the Chinese lunar calendar.On one of those late spring days, we gather at the Orchid Pavilion, which is located in Shanyin County, Kuaiji Prefecture, for dispelling bad luck and praying for good fortune.The attendees of the gathering are all virtuous intellectuals, varying from young to old. Endowed with great mountains and lofty peaks, Orchid Pavilion has flourishing branches and high bamboo bushes all around, together with a clear winding brook engirdled, which can thereby serve the guests by floating the wine glasses on top for their drinking. Seated by the bank of brook, people will still regale themselves right by poetizing their mixed feelings and emotions with wine and songs, never mind the absence of melody from string and wind instruments. 是日也，天朗气清，惠风和畅。 仰观宇宙之大，俯察品类之盛。所以游目骋怀，...

桃花源记——陶渊明 The Peach Colony (林语堂译) 晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业，缘溪行，忘路之远近。忽逢桃花林，夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷；渔人甚异之。复前行，欲穷其林。林尽水源，便得一山。山有小口，仿佛若有光，便舍船，从口入。初极狭，才通人；复行数十步，豁然开朗。土地平旷，屋舍俨然。有良田美池，桑竹之属，阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人；黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来；具答之。便要还家，设酒、杀鸡、作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。自云：先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉；遂与外人间隔。问今是何世？乃不知有汉，无论魏、晋！此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食，停数日，辞去。此中人语云：“不足为外人道。” During the reign of Taiyuan of Chin, there was a fisherman of Wuling. One day he was walking along a bank. After having gone a certain distance, he suddenly came upon a peach grove which extended along the bank for about a hundred yards. He noticed with surprise that the grove had a magic effect, so singularly free from the usual mingling of brushwood, while the beautifully grassy ground was covered with its rose petals. He went further to explore, and when he came to the end of the grove, he saw a spring which came from a cave in the hill, Having noticed that there seemed to be a weak light in the cave, he tied up his boat and decided to go ...

顾太清·《江城子·落花》 英译 花开花落一年中， 惜残红， 怨东风。 恼煞纷纷， 如雪扑帘栊。 坐对飞花花事了， 春又去， 太匆匆。 惜花有恨与谁同？ 晓妆慵， 忒愁侬。 燕子来时， 红雨已濛濛。 尽有春愁衔不去， 无端底， 是游蜂。 Jiang cheng zi: Fallen Flowers Gu Taiqing Flowers bloom, flowers fall, all in the same year. I pity the faded reds And blame the east wind, They vex me so, these fallen petals aplenty; Like snow flurries pelting at the curtained window. o sit watching whirling blossoms flower-gazing time is past. Spring again is gone Far too hastily! With whom can I share my grief in pitying the flowers? Too lazy for my morning make-up, So overpowering is my sorrow. When the swallows return, A crimson shower falling east of my painted chamber. Lying everywhere, the spring grief cannot be pecked away; So utterly thoughtless Are the wandering honeybees. （Irving Y. Lo 译）

“Me? Don’t even ask.” She laughed, as she reeled off a line from a model revolutionary play. Then she stamped down the earth that I had shoveled in. “Eight years: I married twice and divorced twice. That was about it. Luckily there weren’t any children.” “‘八年啦，别提啦！’”她笑着，学了一句革命样板戏《智取威虎山》里的唱词。随后，两脚倒着把我埋下的土踩瓷实，眼睛看着地面说，“这八年，结了两次婚，离了两次婚，就这些。幸亏没生娃娃。” I kept on working, not at all surprised. I had seen too much, and heard too much. In the end, there was very little that I could not imagine. If she didn’t get along that way, how was she to live? Good fortune was a kind of miracle, misfortune was the norm. She, in turn, felt no surprise at my own experience. In that respect we both totally understood each other. Her lack of any commiseration was fine—through the years, I had come to dislike the simpering sympathy of other people. 我不停地干着活，一点也不惊奇。我看见、听见的出乎意料的事太多了，到后来，竟没有一件事能出乎我的意料。她不那样生活还能怎样生活？幸福是一种奇迹，不幸才是常规。她对我的坎坷也没有感到惊奇。这样，我们倒是真正地相互理解了。她不说那些安慰的话语也好，这些年，我...

冬天的距离 张错 等到一地银杏满地金黄， 才知道冷面的秋，决绝不可挽留。 风的语言擦身而过，寒暄， 留下透明空间。 我开始明白—— 那已经是冬天的距离。 有雾自迷蒙眼底升起 在遥远的灰暗，那么接近 而且凄然美丽， 充满矛盾的绝望与期盼 徘徊在秋的清冷与春的挑逗； 有一种潮湿，不是昨夜春情， 而是冬天灰色的大海。 那是一种澎湃的心酸拒绝， 就像在漫长的岁月里 去抵挡那些无法抵挡 漫然而来，飘然而去的季节。 你问我如何让冬天名分保持清白， 我回答以苍白容颜，星霜鬓发， 还有在奇里门札罗山巅，皑白冰雪 一只海明威的豹！ 那是另一种透明与坚持， 另一种冬天的距离， 沉默，并且遥不可及。 The Distance of Winter Zhang Cuo When the ground beneath a gingko is gold, I know cold-faced autumn absolutely cannot be held. The words of wind brush by, an exchange of heat and cold, Leaving behind a translucent space. I begin to know— Already it is the distance of winter. There is a fog rising from the haze behind my eyes In the distant gloom, so near And coldly pretty, Despair big with contradiction and expectation Lingering in the desolation of autumn and the provocation of spring; There’s a dampness, not last night’s feeling of spring, But the great gray sea of winter. That is a billowing poignant refusal, Just as if amid the endless years Trying to stop the unstoppable Seasons that breezily ...

小编导读：《送人游吴》是唐代诗人杜荀鹤的作品。此诗八句四十字，通过想象描绘了苏州的风物景致，叙事状物可谓是恰如其分。其中“古宫闲地少，水港小桥多”两句成为描写苏州城建筑特色的千古名句。 送人遊吴 杜荀鹤 君到姑苏见，人家尽枕河。 古宫闲地少，水巷小桥多。 夜市卖菱藕，春船载绮罗。 遥知未眠月，乡思在渔歌。 See a Friend Off to Wu Tu Hsun-ho I see you to Ku-su. Homes there, sleeping by the stream. Ancient palace, few abandoned spots. And by the harbor, many little bridges. In the night market, lotus, fruit and roots. On the spring barges, satins and gauze. Know, far off, the moon still watches. Think of me there, in the fisherman’s song. （J. P. Seaton 译）

乡间坐凳，多以现成树丫叉为脚者。一脚偶坏，主人命仆往山中觅取。仆持斧出，竟日空回。主人责之，答曰：“丫叉尽有，都是向上生，更无向下的。” Most stools in the countryside used ready-made branches as legs. One stool leg happened to be broken. The master asked his servant to search for one in the woods. The servant went out with an axe. He didn’t come back until quite late at night. His master asked what took him so long. He replied: “Though there are plenty of branches, they all grow upwards. I didn’t find a single one that goes downwards.” （陈沅恺 译）

小编导读：《秋晓行南谷经荒村》是唐朝诗人柳宗元的作品，创作于公元811年（元和六年）秋的一首山水诗。此诗再现了诗人经荒村去南谷一路上所见的景物，写得清朗疏淡，景情交融。 柳宗元《秋晓行南谷经荒村》 杪秋霜露重，晨起行幽谷。 黄叶覆溪桥，荒村唯古木。 寒花疏寂历，幽泉微断续。 机心久已忘，何事惊麋鹿？ Morning Walk in Autumn to South Valley Passing an Abandoned Village Liu Tsung-yuan Autumn’s end: frost and dew become heavy. Get up early. Walk in secluded ravine. Yellow leaves cover stream and bridge. Deserted village:only ancient trees. Cold flowers, sparse: quiet, alone. Secluded spring, a little:heard, unheard. Scheme of mind now lost a long time, What is it that startles a young deer? (Wai-lim Yip 译)

小编导读：《秋日见蝶》是明朝诗人朱静庵的作品。 朱静庵 《秋日见蝶》 江空木落雁声悲，霜染丹枫百草萎。 蝴蝶不知身是梦，又随秋色上寒枝。 Seeing a Butterfly on an Autumn Day Zhu Jing’an Vast river, falling leaves, eagles’ sorrowful cries, Frost dyes crimson maples, all plants wither. Not knowing itself a dream, a butterfly Flits toward a cold twig in this autumn scene. (Michelle Yeh 译)

小编导读：《八至》是唐朝李冶的作品。李冶即是李季兰，唐朝著名的女道士。由远近东西至深浅清溪，再至高明日月，又至亲疏夫妻，人生就这样被刺穿，兀自散无奈颓靡之态，自然的绚丽风景亦成情感的凄凉景象。二十四个字，却是一程生命由盛及衰的花开花落，道破了人生的真相，酷烈，决绝，永远。 李冶 《八至》 至近至远东西，至深至浅清溪。 至高至明日月，至亲至疏夫妻。 Eight Most Li Ye nearest furthest, east west deep, a shallow, a clear creek highest brightest sun and moon so close so far—man wife

小编导读：《客中即事》是明朝诗人朱静庵的作品。 朱静庵 《客中即事》 华屋沉沉乳燕飞，绿杨深处啭黄鹂。 疏帘不卷薰风静，坐看庭花日影移。 Impromptu on a Trip Zhu Jing’an The splendid mansion is quiet, young swallows fly. In the deep shade of green poplars, orioles sing. The breeze is gone, the light curtain still, I sit and watch flower shadows shift in the garden. （Michelle Yeh 译）

小编导读：《西厢记·碧云天·正宫端正好》是元朝著名杂剧作家王实甫的作品。它的曲词华艳优美，富于诗的意境。是我国古典戏剧的现实主义杰作，对后来以爱情为题材的小说、戏剧创作影响很大。 王实甫 《西厢记·碧云天·正宫端正好》 碧云天，黄叶地， 西风紧，北雁南飞。 晓来谁染霜林醉？ 点点是离人泪。 Blue Sky with White Clouds Wang Shifu The blue sky fleeting with white clouds, The earth covered with yellow fallen leaves. A west wind blows, and wild geese fly southwards. In early morning, woods are dotted white with frost, Tears of lovers’ sad departure. （王宏印 译）

小编导读：《虞姬》是明朝诗人朱静庵的作品。全诗描写出了作者对虞姬的崇拜之情，对虞姬的以死明志，不降汉朝进行了讴歌。 朱静庵 《虞姬》 力尽重瞳霸气消，楚歌声里恨迢迢。 贞魂化作原头草，不逐东风入汉郊。 The Consort Yu 1 Zhu Jing’an Strength exhausted, Xiang Yu lost the hegemonic light in his double-pupiled eyes. Surrounded by the singing of Southern songs, he felt endless regret. A faithful soul, she turned into grass on the battleground, Refusing to follow the east wind into Han territory. 1. Yu was the favorite consort of Xiang Yu (232-202 B.C.E.), hegemon of Chu and the arch rival of Liu Bang in the struggle for control of the empire that preceded Liu’s founding of the Han dynasty. When Xiang (who was said to have double pupils) was cornered in Gaixia, Liu had his soldiers sing Southern songs at night, leading Xiang to believe that his home territory, Chu, had joined Liu’s forces. Consort Yu committed suicide before Xiang’s defeat in the final battle the next day. （Michelle Yeh 译）

小编导读：《菩萨蛮》是清朝著名诗人纳兰性德的作品。此篇从闺阁中女子角度描写，写一丽人在乍暖还寒的春天里孤寂无聊的情态。上片前二句亦人亦景，含双关之意。后二句写红楼独处，借唱《石州》益而抒离情之苦。下片回写夜来之孤独寂寞，以双燕烘衬，更突出了孤苦凄清之离情别恨。 纳兰性德 《菩萨蛮》 窗前桃蕊娇如倦， 东风泪洗胭脂面。 人在小红楼， 离情唱《石洲》。 夜来双燕宿， 灯背屏腰绿。 香尽雨阑珊， 薄衾寒不寒？ Buddhist Dancers Nalanshinde Delicate are the peach blossoms before the window, Tears streaming down the rouge face in the easterly wind. The person in the small red floor, Chanting in the most bitter touch of parting sorrow. The couple swallows lodging for the night, Their silhouette becomes dimmed on the mid-screen. The incense burns out in the rain drawing to a close, And in the thin quilt, are you all right? （吴松林 译）

小编导读：《画竹》是明朝诗人徐渭的作品。本诗描写出了山中之竹，作者徐渭寄情于景，将他生命中的种种遭际与感喟尽数投注在画竹与咏竹中了。 徐渭 《画竹》 东吴药绢白濛濛，况值胶矾盏内空。 烂颖扫来孤凤影，江湘细雨淡烟中。 Painting Bamboo Hsu Wei Cheap silk from Eastern Wu dull and damp, and too the pot is bare of sizing but when my brush sweeps through the shadow of a solitary phoenix here’s silken rain on the Hsiang Chiang River and pale mists. （James Cryer 译）

小编导读：《鱼蟹》是明朝诗人徐渭的作品。本诗表面上是描写鱼蟹，实则是托物言志，表现出作者将自己比喻为鱼蟹。对现实生活的不满，以及仕途之不顺。 徐渭 《鱼蟹》 夜窗宾主话，秋辅鳙鱼肥。 配饮无钱买，思将换画归。 Crabs Hsu Wei Night at the window talking. Fall River crabs So plump they deserve a little drink. Think I’ll go swap a painting. （James Cryer 译）

小编导读：《画梅》是明朝诗人徐渭的作品。本诗是徐渭二月游云门寺所作。 徐渭 《云门寺题画梅》 浮桥流水雪潺潺，客子来游二月阑。 蓓蕾已青酸满树，梅花只就画中看。 Cloud Gate Temple Painting Plum Trees Hsu Wei Floating bridge water flowing the snow spits as I wander late in March the buds now green in trees awash with coldness, but the only plum blossoms to be seen are in my painting. （James Cryer 译）

小编导读：《闺怨》是明朝诗人朱静庵的作品。本诗描写出了待嫁闺中的女子对深处闺中的无奈以及对爱郎的思慕之情。 朱静庵 《闺怨》 啼鸟惊回晓梦醒，起来无力倚银屏。 蛾眉未得张郎画，羞见东风柳眼青。 Grievance from the Boudoir Zhu Jing’an Awakened from daydreaming by twittering birds, She leans languidly on a silver screen. Her slender brows have not been painted by Scholar Zhang She’s too shy to see green willow eyes in the east wind. (Michelle Yeh 译)

小编导读：《长相思》是宋代著名词人晏几道的作品。此词纯用民歌形式，上下片均以“长相思”迭起，上片言只有相见才得终了相思之情；下片言由于不得相见，相思之情无处诉说，以浅情人不能理解自己的心情反衬自己一往而情深。 晏几道 《长相思》 长相思， 长相思。 若问相思甚了期， 除非相见时。 长相思， 长相思。 欲把相思说似谁， 浅情人不知。 Everlasting Longing Yan Jidao I yearn for long, I yearn for long. When may I end my yearning song? Until you come along. I yearn for long, I yearn for long. To whom may I sing my love song? To none in love not strong.

小编导读：《木兰花·龙头舴艋》是宋代著名词人张先的作品。此词既是一幅寒食节日的风俗画，又是一曲耄耋者恬静的夕阳颂。词的上片极写节日的欢乐，下片写欢乐后的幽静。上片从一旁观老翁的眼中写出热闹景象，热闹的景象中仍含有宁静的心情；下片幽静的月色下特意写了柳絮暗飘，亦可谓静中有动。 张先 《木兰花·龙头舴艋》 龙头舴艋吴儿竞， 笋柱秋千游女并。 芳洲拾翠暮忘归， 秀野踏青来不定。 行云去后遥山暝， 已放笙歌池院静。 中庭月色正清明， 无数杨花过无影。 Magnolia Flowers Cold Food Day in 1076 Zhang Xian The southerners in dragon boats contest in speed, Fair maidens on the bamboo seat swing to and fro. Plucking sweet flowers, women linger on the mead, Treading on the green field, townspeople come and go. The floating clouds blown off, dim is the distant hill; Flute songs are hushed, deserted gardens quiet. Steeped in the moon’s pure light, the middle court is still; Leaving on shadow, countless willow downs run riot.

小编导读：《虞美人·宜州见梅作》是宋代文学家黄庭坚的作品。此词系作者被贬后所写，全词以咏梅为中心，把天涯与江南、垂老与少年、去国十年与平生作了一个对比性总结，既表现出天涯见梅的喜悦，朝花夕拾的欣慰，又抒写不胜今昔之慨，表现出作者心中郁结的不平与愤懑。 黄庭坚 《虞美人·宜州见梅作》 天涯也有江南信， 梅破知春近。 夜阑风细得香迟， 不道晓来开遍向南枝。 玉台弄粉花应妒， 飘到眉心住。 平生个里愿怀深， 去国十年老尽少年心。 The Beautiful Lady Yu Huang Tingjian Message comes from the south to the end of the sky, When mumes burst open, spring is nigh. At dead of night the wind is slight, your fragrance late. Who knows at dawn your branches bloom at southern gate? You’re envied by powder of the Terrace of Jade; You waft amid the brows and will not fade. All my life long I love you with wine cup in hand; My young heart oldens ten years away from homeland.

小编导读：《一丛花令》是宋代文学家张先的作品。这首词写的是闺中人春日登楼引起的相思与愁恨。上片写别后愁怀；下片是回忆当年。最后三句借羡慕桃杏犹解嫁东风，叹息人不如物。词中以桃杏喻人，以无情比有情，设想新颖，颇有艺术魅力。 张先 《一丛花令》 伤高怀远几时穷？ 无物似情浓。 离愁正引千丝乱， 更东陌， 飞絮濛濛。 嘶骑渐遥， 征尘不断， 何处认郎踪？ 双鸳池沼水溶溶， 南北小桡通。 梯横画阁黄昏后， 又还是、斜月帘栊。 沉恨细思， 不如桃杏， 犹解嫁东风。 Song of Flower Shrub Zhang Xian When will the sorrow end To watch my parting friend From a tower above? Nothing is so intense as love. My sorrow interweaves A thousand twigs of willow leaves; The pathway east of the town Is shrouded in wafting willow down. His neighing steed is far away, A cloud of dust still darkening the day. Where is the place To find my lover’s trace? A pair of lovebirds seems to melt in water clean; Little leaflike boats go North and south, to and fro. After dusk in the twilight I dare not go up the painted bower on the height. What will again be seen But the waning moon shining on window-screen? How deeply I envy peach and apricot trees Newly wed to and oft caressed by vernal breeze!

小编导读：《解连环·孤雁》是宋代词人张炎的作品。此词描写了一只离群失侣的孤雁独自在江野彷徨的凄苦情景，抒发了作者自己羁旅漂泊的愁怨，委婉地流露出故人之思和亡国之痛。全词将咏物、抒怀、叙事紧密结合，构思巧妙，体物细腻，委婉缠绵，情意隽永。 张炎 《解连环·孤雁》 楚江空晚， 恨离群万里， 涑然惊散。 自顾影欲下寒塘， 正沙净草枯， 水平天远。 写不成书， 只寄得相思一点。 料因循误了， 残毡拥雪， 故人心眼。 谁怜旅愁荏苒？ 谩长门夜悄， 锦筝弹怨。 想伴侣犹宿芦花， 也曾念春前， 去程应转。 暮雨相呼， 怕蓦地玉关重见。 未羞他双雁归来， 画帘半卷。 Double Rings Unchained Zhang Yan Over the southern stream at the close of the day, Suddenly startled, you go astray And from the row in flight you’re miles away. You gaze at your own image in the sandy pool And would alight ‘mid withered grass by water cool, Alone in the vast sky you cannot form a row, So like a dot of yearning you should go. How can you not delay The message of the envoy eating wool Mixed with snow! Who would pity your loneliness? The queen deserted, companionless, At quiet night in Palace of Long Gate Might play pitiful tunes on zither’s string. You may think of flowering reeds where rests your mate, Who should come back before next spring. What if you meet at Gate of Jade again, Calling each ...

小编导读：《南乡子·诸将说封侯》是宋代文学家黄庭坚的作品。此词作者对自己一生经历的风雨坎坷，表达了无限深沉的感慨，对功名富贵予以鄙弃，抒发了纵酒颓放、笑傲人世的旷达之情。全词用语质朴，感情真挚，豪放中隐隐有一股凌厉之气。 黄庭坚 《南乡子·诸将说封侯》 诸将说封侯， 短笛长歌独倚楼。 万事尽随风雨去， 休休， 戏马台南金络头。 催酒莫迟留， 酒味今秋似去秋。 花向老人头上笑， 羞羞， 白发簪花不解愁。 Song of a Southern Country Huang Tingjian Generals talk of mobility or long; I lean on balustrade, listening to flute song. Everything will be gone with wind and rain, In vain, in vain! The golden bridle of the steed can’t long remain. Drink wine without delay! It tastes as good now as last Mountain-Climbing Day. Flowers would smile on an old man’s head, Blush and go red. To rid of grief white hair with flowers will be wed.

小编导读：《甘州·寄李筠房》是宋代词人张炎的作品。张炎的这首词就可称为是将家国身世之感“打并入”友情之作。词产生时，最初只言花前月下，离愁别绪，被世人称为艳词。而秦观独创一格，“将身世之感打并入艳情”，使词别有洞天。此径一开，后人纷纷仿效。 张炎 《甘州·寄李筠房》 望涓涓一水隐芙蓉， 几被暮云遮。 正凭高送目， 西风断雁， 残月平沙。 未觉丹枫尽老， 摇落已堪嗟。 无避秋声处， 愁满天涯。 一自盟鸥别后， 甚酒瓢诗锦， 轻误年华。 料荷衣初暖， 不忍负烟霞。 记前度、剪灯一笑， 再相逢、知在那人家？ 空山远， 白云休赠， 只赠梅花。 Song of Ganzhou To a Friend Zhang Yan See lotus in bloom On mist-veiled water loom! I climb up high and gaze afar on the wild geese Under the waning moon over the beach in west breeze. I’m grieved for maples grown old Have shed all red leaves cold. Where can I not hear autumn sigh? Grief brims over the end of the sky. Since you left me, I’ve spent my years in verse and wine; Clad in lotus, could you leave rainbow cloud so fine? Last time we me, we laughed by candlelight; Meeting again, can we enjoy the same delight? Your mountain’s bare and far away from my bower. Do not bring me clouds white But the cold-proof mume flower!

小编导读：《摸鱼子·高爱山隐居》是宋代词人张炎的作品。这首词是描写作者隐居生活的。张炎应召北上抄写“藏经”南归后，在山阴一带流寓，曾在镜湖一带隐居。高爱山是其隐居之所。这首词表达了他对元政权严重不满和敌对情绪。 张炎 《摸鱼子·高爱山隐居》 爱吾庐、傍湖千顷， 苍茫一片清润。 晴岚暖翠融融处， 花影倒窥天镜。 沙浦迥。 看野水涵波， 隔柳横孤艇。 眠鸥未醒。 甚占得莼乡， 都无人见， 斜照起春暝。 还重省。 岂料山中秦晋。 桃源今度难认。 林间即是长生路， 一笑元非捷径。 深更静。 待散以吹箫， 跨鹤天风冷。 凭高露饮。 正碧落尘空， 光摇半壁， 月在万松顶。 Groping for Fish Hermitage in Mount High Love Zhang Yan I love my cot by the lakeside So fair and wide, A vast expanse so vague and clear. On fine days the far-flung hills warm appear, With flowers reflected in the mirror of the skies. The sand beach far away, I seem To see the rippling water beam, Under the willow trees a lonely boat lies. The gulls asleep, not yet awake, Unseen in my native village by the lake. The setting sun would bring Twilight to spring. I meditate: Who can anticipate Even Peach Blossom Land Will witness dynasties fall or stand? The pathway in the woods will lead to a long life. I laugh, for it is not a shortcut to win in strife. It’s calm when deep is night, I would play on my flute ...

小编导读：《望江南》是南宋词人吴文英的作品。这是一首伤春怀远的艳情词，在名家的笔下以雅秀的笔意和绵密的章法描摹而出，一点都不显俗套，反而是曲曲传出了恋人的真挚情感和深微心理。 吴文英 《望江南》 三月暮， 花落更情浓。 人去秋千闲挂月， 马停杨柳倦嘶风。 堤畔画船空。 恹恹醉， 尽日小帘栊。 宿燕夜归银烛外， 流莺声在绿阴中。 无处觅残红。 Dreaming of the South Wu Wenying Late in spring The fallen blooms Add to my growing gloom She’s gone; the crescent moon hangs idle over the swing; The horse beneath willow trees Neighs tiredly in the breeze. By waterside an empty painted boat is tied. Drunk and weary, All the day long I stay behind the curtain dreary. The swallows coming back at night Take rest beyond my silver candlelight. Orioles’ warble fades Amid green shades. Nowhere out of the bower Can be found an unfallen flower.

小编导读：《风入松》是南宋词人吴文英的作品。本词在内容上虽无更多深意，但艺术上却有独到之处。冯煦说；“梦窗词，脉络井井”，从本词章法上看，确实具有这一特色。全词以“愁”字贯穿，上片写风雨凄迷时怀人之愁，风声雨声，落英缤纷，杨柳依依，啼莺惊梦，无—不交织着“离愁”。下片写风雨新晴后怀人之愁，西园林亭，幽阶苔生，秋千依旧，纤手无踪，无一不满蕴着“惆怅”。 吴文英 《风入松》 听风听雨过清明， 愁草瘗花铭。 楼前绿暗分携路， 一丝柳、 一寸柔情。 料峭春寒中酒， 交加晓梦啼莺。 西园日日扫林亭， 依旧赏新晴。 黄蜂频扑秋千索， 有当时、 纤手香凝。 惆怅双鸳不到， 幽阶一夜苔生。 Wind throng Pines Wu Wenying Hearing the wind and rain while mourning for the dead, Sadly I draft an elegy on flowers. Over dark green lane hang willow twigs like thread, We parted before the bowers. Each twig revealing Our tender feeling. I drown my grief in wine in chilly spring; Drowsy, I wake again when orioles sing. In West Garden I sweep the pathway From day to day Enjoying the fine view Still without you. On the ropes of the swing the wasps often alight For fragrance spread by fingers fair. I’m grieved not to see your foot traces, all night The mossy steps are left untrodden there.

小编导读：《唐多令》是南宋词人吴文英的作品。这首词反映了他飘泊生涯中的失意情怀。词的上阕是就眼前之景抒发离别之愁。下阕拓宽一步，展示自己的心灵背景和深层意绪，把与友人的惜别赋予了较深层的内涵，使读者更能体会词人命笔时的复杂心情和离别之际的纷纷意绪。 吴文英 《唐多令》 何处合成愁？ 离人心上秋。 纵芭蕉不雨也飕飕。 都道晚凉天气好； 有明月， 怕登楼。 年事梦中休。 花空烟水流。 燕辞归、 客尚淹留。 垂柳不萦裙带住， 漫长是、 系行舟。 Song of More Sugar Wu Wenying Where comes sorrow? Autumn on the heart Of those who part. See the banana trees Sigh without rain or breeze! All say that cool and nice is night, But I won’t climb the height For fear of the moon bright. My years have passed in dreams Like flowers on the streams. The swallow gone away, In alien land I still stay. O willow twigs, long as you are, Why don’t you gird her waist and bar Her way from going afar?

小编导读：《水龙吟·白莲》是宋代词人张炎的作品。这是一首以白莲为题的词。此词布局巧妙，章法奇特，匠心独运，可堪与蒋捷同题材的词相比翼。整首词，有总写，有分写，有远写，有近写，有正写，有侧写，章法颇可玩味。其中的“小舟夜悄”一段，迷离惝怳：“浣纱人妒”三句，想象幽奇：“凭娇待语”、“似传心素”，则人花合咏，也都显出作者的匠心。长调咏物，要有整体的布局。或总或分，或实或虚，或探或补，手法颇多，规划得好，才能下笔。这首词，总分结合，远近相宜，章法颇为严谨。 张炎 《水龙吟·白莲》 仙人掌上芙蓉， 涓涓犹滴金盘露。 轻装照水， 纤裳玉立， 飘飘似舞。 几度销凝， 满湖烟月， 一汀鸥鹭。 记小舟夜悄， 波明香远， 浑不见、 花开处。 应是浣纱人妒。 褪红衣、 被谁轻误？ 闲情淡雅， 冶姿清润， 凭娇待语。 隔浦相逢， 偶然倾盖， 似传心素。 怕湘皋佩解， 绿云十里， 卷西风去。 Water Dragon Chant To the White Lotus Zhang Yan The lotus in the fairy’s hand Drips drops of dew on golden tray. Mirrored on water, your light dress aglow, Like jade in a fine robe you stand As a dancer you swing and sway. From time to time you fade and blow, When the lake is veiled in mist or steeped in moonlight, And gulls and herons perch on the sand. Remember my leaflike boat in a quiet night On clear waves where fragrance spreads far, White dressed I cannot find where you are. Even the beauty should envy you, When you take your rosy dress off. Who would not fall with you in love? You are elegant at...

小编导读：《南浦·春水》是宋代词人张炎的作品。这是一首写春游水滨的咏物词。词风较为典雅，文辞较华丽，写春水时不粘不脱，使其活灵活现。词人对春水观察得细致入微，下笔极工，略加典故点题，故被人称之为“绝唱千古”。全词首以咏西湖湖水起笔。“波暖绿粼粼”，点出了“春水”题目。湖光粼粼，绿波荡漾，弥漫着春的气息，透出了春日温煦之意，写春水溶泄之状。 张炎 《南浦·春水》 波暖绿粼粼， 燕飞来， 好是苏堤才晓。 鱼没浪痕圆， 流红去， 翻笑东风难扫。 荒桥断浦， 柳阴撑出扁舟小。 回首池塘青欲遍， 绝似梦中芳草。 和云流出空山， 甚年年净洗， 花香不了？ 新绿乍生时， 孤村路， 犹忆那回曾到。 馀情渺渺， 茂林觞咏如今悄。 前度刘郎归去后， 溪上碧桃多少？ Southern Waterside Spring Water Zhang Yan Waves warm up and turn green, When flying swallows seen, The bank begins to wake. Fish swim and leave round traces in the lake, The fallen flowers flowing away. Why does the eastern breeze not clear its way? Under the bridge where no visit is paid. A little leaflike boat comes out of willows’ shade. I turn my head to find the green pool gleam Just like the fragrant grass in a dream. With clouds the creek flows out of the hill, Though washed from year to year, The flowers are fragrant still. When the roadside has just turned green, I shall remember the lonely village unseen, Where I came with peer on peer. Where are the drin...

小编导读：《眉妩·新月》是宋末词人王沂孙的作品。作者因新月而生的今昔纵横的意识情感流动轨迹，和新月相系的人情典事，寄托词人的怀国之情. 王沂孙《眉妩·新月》 渐新痕悬柳， 淡彩穿花， 依约破初暝。 便有团圆意， 深深拜， 相逢谁在香径。 画眉未稳。 料素娥、犹带离恨。 最堪爱、一曲银钩小， 宝帘挂秋冷。 千古盈亏休问。 叹慢磨玉斧， 难补金镜。 太液池犹在， 凄凉处、何人重赋清景。 故山夜永。 试待他、窥户端正。 看云外山河， 还老尽、桂花影。 Lovely Eyebrows Wang Yisun Gradually the new moon hangs on the willow tree And ‘mid the flowers sheds pale beams As if day broke the twilight dreams. The crescent would turn round with glee. To it bow. Whom should I meet on fragrant pathway now? It’s like the Moon Goddess’ undulating brow, Gnawed by her parting sorrow still. What’s loveliest of all, A hooklike silver crescent small Hangs on the pearly curtain of Autumn’s chill. Form age to age it waxes and wanes. Don’t ask how long! Though you may whet the axe of jade, How can you mend the mirror of gold? The royal garden still remains, But now so drear. Who’ll sing a song In praise of marble balustrade? In native land the night is endless as of old. I’ll wait until Th...

小编导读：《水龙吟·落叶》是宋末词人王沂孙的作品。《落叶》词体现了他的词的总体风格,以落叶这一典型意象,延续传统”悲秋”主题,表现词人”故国凄凉”的感慨,寄托黍离之悲. 王沂孙《水龙吟·落叶》 晓霜初著青林， 望中故国凄凉早。 萧萧渐积， 纷纷犹坠， 门荒径悄。 渭水风生， 洞庭波起， 几番秋杪。 想重崖半没， 千峰尽出， 山中路， 无人到。 前度题红杳杳。 溯宫沟、暗流空绕。 啼螀未歇， 飞鸿欲过， 此时怀抱。 乱影翻窗， 碎声敲砌， 愁人多少。 望吾庐甚处， 只应今夜， 满庭谁扫。 Water Dragon Chant Wang Yisun To Fallen Leaves The green forest is lost in morning frost; I think my homeland should look sad and drear. Shower by shower you pile up high, Leaves on leaves fall and sigh, On the lane or before the door. On the stream the breeze blows; In the lake the waves roar, Deeper and deeper autumn grows. You cover half the hills high and low, Bare peaks appear, On mountain path few come and go. No more verse on red leaf flows From palace dike down To wind around an empty town. Cicadas trill without cease, High up fly the wild geese, They seem to know how my heart sigh. How much it grieves To see the shadow of falling leaves And hear the sound when they scratch the ground. I stretch my eyes To see lea...

小编导读：《绮罗香·红叶》是宋末词人王沂孙的作品。情感备至，而万物皆可为文。王沂孙的故国之恋在落叶、红叶、新月、春水等身上，皆可寄寓。此词是为赏红叶而作，意在为红叶传神，却被写得如此凄美，实则寄寓词人一片怜爱哀婉的情绪。 王沂孙《绮罗香·红叶》 玉杵馀丹， 金刀剩彩， 重染吴江孤树。 几点朱铅， 几度怨啼秋暮。 惊旧梦、绿鬓轻凋， 诉新恨、绛唇微注。 最堪怜、同拂新霜， 绣蓉一镜晚妆妒。 千林摇落渐少， 何事西风老色， 争妍如许。 二月残花， 空误小车山路。 重认取， 流水荒沟， 怕犹有、寄情芳语。 但凄凉、秋苑斜阳， 冷枝留醉舞。 Fragrance of Silk Brocade Red Leaves Wang Yisun In remnants of elixir red And colored silken thread, The riverside lonely tree’s dyed. A few rouged drops appear Like late autumn’s bloody tear. Awake from dreams of old again, Your green color fades and drips. Of new grief you complain, Biting your rouged lips. We deplore all the more, Though you are lost in frost, The lotus looking down On water envy your evening gown. Shed down from wood to wood, fewer you grow. Why should you vie in the west wind with evening glow? Redder than spring flowers new, More cabs would come along the path for you. See close again If on the water of the dike There is a leaf looking alike With love hidden in vain. How sad and drear to...

小编导读：《壶中天》是宋代词人张炎的作品。这首词是以描写古黄河为主的。此词一改张炎“婉约”的形象，在“夜渡古黄河”这样的题材中，自然带有黄河古道的粗犷苍劲的风格。从词风上讲，张炎此词似更似东坡、稼轩之词风。 张炎 《壶中天》 扬舲万里， 笑当年底事， 中分南北。 须信平生无梦到， 却向而今游历。 老柳官河， 斜阳古道， 风定波犹直。 野人惊问， 泛槎何处狂客？ 迎面落叶萧萧， 水流沙共远， 都无行迹。 衰草凄迷秋更绿， 唯有闲鸥独立。 浪挟天浮， 山邀云去， 银浦横空碧。 扣舷歌断， 海蟾飞上孤白。 Sky in a Vase Crossing the Yellow River at Night Zhang Yan I sail a boat for miles and miles And ask with smiles Why should the Yellow River then divide The land into northern and southern sides? I believe all my life long I have not a dream Of the Yellow River, but how I see the stream. The rivershore with willow trees, The ancient pathways in departing sunrays, The waves seem straight when calms the breeze. People ask me in surprise: Why should I said a boat at moonrise? Leaves fall shower by shower in my face, Water with sand flows far away. Without leaving a trace. Withered grass veils Autumn’s green lands. Only a gull at leisure stands. The skies on surging waves float; Mountains invite the clouds to come down from on high. The Silv...

小编导读：《一剪梅·舟过吴江》是宋末词人蒋捷的作品。此词用“点”“染”结合的手法，写出了词人伤春的情绪及久客异乡思归的情绪。全词以首句的“春愁”为核心，选取典型景物和情景层层渲染，突出了春愁的内涵：一是倦游思归的愁，一是春光易逝的愁。 蒋捷 《一剪梅·舟过吴江》 一片春愁待酒浇。 江上舟摇， 楼上帘招。 秋娘渡与泰娘桥， 风又飘飘， 雨又萧萧。 何日归家洗客袍？ 银字笙调， 心字香烧。 流光容易把人抛， 红了樱桃， 绿了芭蕉。 A Twig of Mume Blossoms Jiang Jie Can boundless grief be drowned in wine? My boat tossed by waves high, Streamers of wineshop fly. The Farewell Ferry and the Beauty’s Bridge would pine: Wind blows from hour to hour; Rain falls shower by shower. When may I go home to wash my old robe outworn, To play on silver lute And burn the incense mute? Oh, time and tide will not wait for a man forlorn: With cherry red spring dies, When green banana sighs.

小编导读：《齐天乐·蝉》是宋末词人王沂孙的作品。这首词借咏秋蝉托物寄意，表达国破家亡、末路穷途的无限哀思。开始由蝉的形象联想到宫女形象，由宫妇含恨而死，尸体化为蝉长年攀树悲鸣的传说，为全章笼罩悲剧气氛。 王沂孙 《齐天乐·蝉》 绿槐千树西窗悄， 厌厌昼眠惊起。 饮露身轻， 吟风翅薄， 半翦冰笺谁寄。 凄凉倦耳。 漫重拂琴丝， 怕寻冠珥。 短梦深宫， 向人犹自诉憔悴。 残虹收尽过雨， 晚来频断续， 都是秋意。 病叶难留， 纤柯易老， 空忆斜阳身世。 窗明月碎。 甚已绝馀音， 尚遗枯蜕。 鬓影参差， 断魂青镜里。 A Skyful of Joy To the Cicada Wang Yisun A thousand scholartrees stand outside window west, I am awoken from my drowsy noonday rest. Your body’s light for drinking dew, With your thin wing in breeze you sing To whom will you Send message drear? To a tired ear? Again I will stroke my lute string, Afraid to seek for the jade ring. Your dream is short in leafy nook. To whom can you complain still of your languid look? The rainbow soaked with rain Falling at dusk now and again Brings a cool autumn air. The withered leaves hard to retain, The slender branches grow old and turn bare, Remembering the past sunset in vain. The bright window sees the moon wane, Away die your refrains, But your shadow fallen apart, I seem to see your brok...

小编导读：《桃花源记》是东晋伟大文人陶渊明的代表作之一，是《桃花源诗》的序言，选自《陶渊明集》。借武陵渔人行踪这一线索，把现实和理想境界联系起来，通过对桃花源的安宁和乐、自由平等生活的描绘，表现了作者追求美好生活的理想和对当时的现实生活不满。 陶渊明 《桃花源记》 晋太元中，武陵人，捕鱼为业，缘溪行，忘路之远近，忽逢桃花林。夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷。渔人甚异之。复前行，欲穷其林。 林尽水源，便得一山。山有小口，彷佛若有光。便舍船从口入。 初极狭，才通人；复行数十步，豁然开朗。土地平旷，屋舍俨然。有良田美池桑竹之属，阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作，男女衣著，悉如外人；黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。 见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来，具答之。便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人，来此绝境，不复出焉；遂与外人间隔。问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。此人一一为具言，所闻皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食。停数日，辞去。此中人语云：“不足为外人道也。” 既出，得其船，便扶向路，处处志之。及郡下，诣太守，说如此。太守即遣人随其往，寻向所志，遂迷，不复得路。 南阳刘子骥，高尚士也。闻之，欣然亲往。未果，寻病终。后遂无问津者。 The Peach Blossom Visionary Land During the Tai-yuan years of the dynasty Jin, a fisherman from thecounty of Wuling strolled on the bank of a stream, forgetting the distance ofhis track, into a grove of blossoming peach trees all at once. For severalhundred steps along the bank side, there were no other trees; the sward wasfreshly green and fallen petals of the peach blooms were scattered on the grassverdure. The fisherman, surprised by the sight, walked on to ...

小编导读：《洛神赋》是三国时期才子曹植的作品。《洛神赋》是曹植模仿战国时宋玉《神女赋》对楚王梦巫山神女之事而作，虚构自己在洛水边与洛神相遇的情节，全篇想象丰富，描写细腻，词采流丽，对洛神的描绘，诸如“婉若游龙”、“秾纤得衷，修短合度”、“气若幽兰”等，皆可见巫山神女的影子。此赋“感宋玉对楚王神女之事”是对楚辞中以男女关系譬喻君臣关系的继承，其亦屈子之志也。另一说为感甄氏而作。 曹植 《洛神赋》 黄初三年，余朝京师，还济洛川。古人有言，斯水之神，名曰宓妃。感宋玉对楚王神女之事，遂作斯赋。其辞曰： 余从京域，言归东藩。背伊阙，越轘辕，经通谷，陵景山。日既西倾，车殆马烦。尔乃税驾乎蘅皋，秣驷乎芝田，容与乎阳林，流眄乎洛川。于是精移神骇，忽焉思散。俯则末察，仰以殊观，睹一丽人，于岩之畔。乃援御者而告之曰：“尔有觌于彼者乎？彼何人斯？若此之艳也！”御者对曰：“臣闻河洛之神，名曰宓妃。然则君王所见，无乃日乎？其状若何？臣愿闻之。” 余告之曰：“其形也，翩若惊鸿，婉若游龙。荣曜秋菊，华茂春松。仿佛兮若轻云之蔽月，飘飘兮若流风之回雪。远而望之，皎若太阳升朝霞；迫而察之，灼若芙蕖出渌波。襛纤得衷，修短合度。肩若削成，腰如约素。延颈秀项，皓质呈露。芳泽无加，铅华弗御。云髻峨峨，修眉联娟。丹唇外朗，皓齿内鲜，明眸善睐，靥辅承权。瑰姿艳逸，仪静体闲。柔情绰态，媚于语言。奇服旷世，骨像应图。披罗衣之璀粲兮，珥瑶碧之华琚。戴金翠之首饰，缀明珠以耀躯。践远游之文履，曳雾绡之轻裾。微幽兰之芳蔼兮，步踟蹰于山隅。于是忽焉纵体，以遨以嬉。左倚采旄，右荫桂旗。壤皓腕于神浒兮，采湍濑之玄芝。 余情悦其淑美兮，心振荡而不怡。无良媒以接欢兮，托微波而通辞。愿诚素之先达兮，解玉佩以要之。嗟佳人之信修，羌习礼而明诗。抗琼珶以和余兮，指潜渊而为期。执眷眷之款实兮，惧斯灵之我欺。感交甫之弃言兮，怅犹豫而狐疑。收和颜而静志兮，申礼防以自持。 The Goddess of the Luo Cao Zhi In the third year of the Huangchu (1) era, I attended court at the capital and then crossed the Luo River (2) to begin my journey home. Men in olden times used t...

小编导读：《陈情表》为西晋李密写给晋武帝的奏章。文章叙述祖母抚育自己的大恩，以及自己应该报养祖母的大义；除了感谢朝廷的知遇之恩以外，又倾诉自己不能从命的苦衷，真情流露，委婉畅达。该文被认定为中国文学史上抒情文的代表作之一，有“读诸葛亮《出师表》不流泪不忠，读李密《陈情表》不流泪者不孝”的说法。 李密 《陈情表》 臣密言：臣以险衅，夙遭闵凶。生孩六月，慈父见背。行年四岁，舅夺母志。祖母刘，愍臣孤弱，躬亲抚养。臣少多疾病，九岁不行，零丁孤苦，至于成立。既无叔伯，终鲜兄弟。门衰祚薄，晚有儿息。外无期功强近之亲，内无应门五尺之童，茕茕孑立，形影相吊。而刘夙婴疾病，常在床蓐。臣侍汤药，未尝废离。 逮奉圣朝，沐浴清化。前太守臣逵，察臣孝廉。后刺史臣荣，举臣秀才。臣以供养无主，辞不赴命。诏书特下，拜臣郎中，寻蒙国恩，除臣洗马。猥以微贱，当侍东宫，非臣陨首所能上报。臣具以表闻，辞不就职。诏书切峻，责臣逋慢，郡县逼迫，催臣上道。州司临门，急於星火。臣欲奉诏奔驰，则以刘病日笃，欲苟顺私情，则告诉不许。臣之进退，实为狼狈。 伏惟圣朝以孝治天下，凡在故老，犹蒙矜育。况臣孤苦，特为尤甚。且臣少事伪朝，历职郎署，本图宦达，不矜名节。今臣亡国贱俘，至微至陋，过蒙拔擢，宠命优渥，岂敢盘桓，有所希冀？但以刘日薄西山，气息奄奄，人命危浅，朝不虑夕。臣无祖母，无以至今日；祖母无臣，无以终余年。母孙二人，更相为命，是以区区不能废远。臣密今年四十有四，祖母刘今年九十有六，是臣尽节于陛下之日长，报刘之日短也。乌鸟私情，愿乞终养。 臣之辛苦，非独蜀之人士及二州牧伯所见明知，皇天后土，实所共鉴。愿陛下矜愍愚诚，听臣微志。庶刘侥幸，卒保馀年。臣生当陨首，死当结草。臣不胜犬马怖惧之情，谨拜表以闻。 Memorial to the Emperor Stating My Case Li Mi I, your humble subject Li Mi, have this to say: As ordained by myuntoward lot, misfortune befell me in my early childhood. Six months after mybirth, my kind father died. When I was four my mother was deprived of her wi...

小编导读：《一萼红·登蓬莱阁有感》是南宋词人周密的作品。这首词中的蓬莱阁在绍兴卧龙山，为五代时吴越王钱鏐所建，是浙东名胜。公元1276年（宋恭帝德祐二年），元军攻占南宋都城临安，周密随即流亡，这年和次年的冬天都曾到过绍兴，从词中描写冬天的景物来看此词应是第二年冬天游览蓬莱阁时写的，表达了作者怀念故国山河的爱国忧思。词人的感受是通过登阁所见景物曲曲传达出来的。在故国沦亡的情况下，词人登临古阁，感慨万千。时值冬季，天色阴沉，雪意未休，这种凄凉的气氛很好地烘托了作者的悲凉心境。 周密《一萼红·登蓬莱阁有感》 步深幽。 正云黄天淡， 雪意未全休。 监曲寒沙， 茂林烟草， 俯仰千古悠悠。 岁华晚、 漂零渐远， 谁念我、 同载五湖舟。 磴古松斜， 阴苔老， 一片清愁。 回首天涯归梦， 几魂飞西浦， 泪洒东州。 故国山川， 故园心眼， 还似王粲登楼。 最怜他、 秦鬟妆镜， 好江山、 何事此时游！ 为唤狂吟老监， 共赋销忧。 A Spring of Reds On the Fairy Bower Zhou Mi Deeper and deeper I go, When yellow clouds fly under the pale blue sky And still it threatens snow. In Mirror Lake the sand is cold, In dense woods mist-veiled grassed freeze, I look up and down for the woe a thousand years old. The year’s late and turns grey, I wander farther away. Who would still float with me on five lakes the same boat? By stone steps slant the old pine trees, In the shade of the cliff old grows the moss; Sad and drear, I am at a loss. Turning my head from where I stand, Could I not dream of my homeland? How can I not ...

小编导读：《石钟山记》是北宋著名文学家苏轼的作品。这篇文章通过记叙作者对石钟山得名由来的探究，说明要认识事物的真相必须“目见耳闻”，切忌主观臆断的道理。 苏轼《石钟山记》 《水经》云：“彭蠡之口有石钟山焉。”郦元以为下临深潭，微风鼓浪，水石相搏，声如洪钟。是说也，人常疑之。今以钟磬置水中，虽大风浪不能鸣也，而况石乎！至唐李渤始访其遗踪，得双石于潭上，扣而聆之，南声函胡，北音清越，枹止响腾，余韵徐歇。自以为得之矣。然是说也，余尤疑之。石之铿然有声者，所在皆是也，而此独以钟名，何哉？ 元丰七年六月丁丑，余自齐安舟行适临汝，而长子迈将赴饶之德兴尉，送之至湖口，因得观所谓石钟者。寺僧使小童持斧，于乱石间择其一二扣之。硿硿焉，余固笑而不信也。至莫夜月明，独与迈乘小舟，至绝壁下。大石侧立千尺，如猛兽奇鬼，森然欲捕人；而山上栖鹘，闻人声亦惊起，磔磔云霄间；又有若老人咳且笑于山谷中者，或曰此鹳鹤也。余方心动欲还，而大声发于水上，噌吰如钟鼓不绝。舟人大恐。徐而察之，则山下皆石穴罅，不知其浅深，微波入焉，涵淡澎湃而为此也。舟回至两山间，将入港口，有大石当中流，可坐百人，空中而多窍，与风水相吞吐，有窾坎镗鞳之声，与向之噌吰者相应，如乐作焉。因笑谓迈曰：“汝识之乎？噌吰者，周景王之无射也；窾坎镗鞳者，魏庄子之歌钟也。古之人不余欺也！” 事不目见耳闻，而臆断其有无，可乎？郦元之所见闻，殆与余同，而言之不详；士大夫终不肯以小舟夜泊绝壁之下，故莫能知；而渔工水师虽知而不能言，此世所以不传也。而陋者乃以斧斤考击而求之，自以为得其实。余是以记之，盖叹郦元之简，而笑李渤之陋也。 The Stone Bell Mountain Su Shi The Classic of Water says: “At the mouth of Pengli stands the Stone Bell Mountain.” Its commentator Li Daoyuan(died A.D. 527) states that “there is a deep water at its foot, where the winds and waves striking the rocks make a sound like that of great bells.” Peop...

小编导读：《病梅馆记》是清代著名文学家龚自珍的作品。作者托梅议政，形象地揭露和抨击了清朝封建统治者束缚人们思想，压抑，摧残人才的罪行，表达了作者要求改革政治，打破严酷的思想统治，追求个性解放的强烈愿望。 龚自珍《病梅馆记》 江宁之龙蟠，苏州之邓尉，杭州之西溪，皆产梅。 或曰：梅以曲为美，直则无姿；以欹为美，正则无景；以疏为美，密则无态。固也。此文人画士，心知其意，未可明诏大号以绳天下之梅也。又不可以使天下之民，斫直、删密、锄正，以夭梅、病梅为业以求钱也。梅之欹、之疏、之曲，又非蠢蠢求钱之民，能以其智力为也。有以文人画士孤癖之隐，明告鬻梅者：斫其正，养其旁条；删其密，夭其稚枝；锄其直，遏其生气；以求重价，而江浙之梅皆病。文人画士之祸之烈至此哉！ 予购三百盆，皆病者，无一完者。既泣之三日，乃誓疗之，纵之，顺之。毁其盆，悉埋于地，解其棕缚。以五年为期，必复之，全之。予本非文人画士，甘受诟厉，辟病梅之馆以贮之。呜呼！安得使予多暇日，又多闲田，以广贮江宁、杭州、苏州之病梅，穷予生之光阴以疗梅也哉！ My Plum Tree Infirmary Gong Zizhen Longpan in Nanjing, Mount Dengwei outside Suzhou and Xixi near Hangzhou are all noted for their plum trees. Some say plum trees look best gnarled, lacking charm when straight; or look best lop-sided, being not worth a glance upright; or best when sparse, lacking form when luxuriant. Of course, this is what literati and connoisseurs think, but it should not be proclaimed as a binding rule for all plum trees in the world; nor should everyone be required to chop down straight trees, cut back the luxuriant and ro...

小编导读：《南浦·春水》是宋末词人王沂孙的作品。这是一首写春游水滨的咏物词。词风较为典雅，文辞较华丽，写春水时不粘不脱，使其活灵活现。词人对春水观察得细致入微，下笔极工，略加典故点题，故被人称之为“绝唱千古”。 王沂孙《南浦·春水》 柳下碧粼粼， 认麴尘乍生， 色嫩如染。 清溜满银塘， 东风细， 参差縠纹初遍。 别君南浦， 翠眉曾照波痕浅。 再来涨绿迷旧处， 添却残红几片。 葡萄过雨新痕， 正拍拍轻鸥， 翩翩小燕。 帘影蘸楼阴， 芳流去， 应有泪珠千点。 沧浪一舸， 断魂重唱苹花怨。 采香幽径鸳鸯睡， 谁道湔裙人远。 The Southern Riverside Spring Water Wang Yisun Green water shimmers under willow trees; Dustlike things grow by riverside With tender hue as if they were dyed. The silver pond of clear drops full, The gentle eastern breeze Spreads ripples here and there on the pool. We bade adieu on Southern shore; Your eyebrows mirrored have left on the waves your trace. Green waves rise when you come again to the old place; You’ll find a few fallen petals more. On grape-hued water you’ll find new traces of rain, The gulls flap their wings light With young swallows in flight. In the shade of the tower your screen appears With your fragrance out of sight, You may find thousands of drops of tears. A lonely boat on the main, You’d...

小编导读：《滕王阁序》是唐朝著名诗人王勃所作，本文在构思上也有独到之处，文思缜密，层层扣题。各段衔接科学，思路清晰，由地及人，由人及景，由景及情，步步递进。全文充分发挥了骈文的特点，融对偶、声韵、用典于一炉，表现了比较丰富的内容，流露出作者的真情实感，具有很强的艺术感染力。 王勃 《滕王阁序》 豫章故郡，洪都新府；星分翼轸，地接衡庐；襟三江而带五湖，控蛮荆而引瓯越。物华天宝，龙光射牛斗之墟；人杰地灵，徐孺下陈蕃之榻。雄州雾列，俊采星驰。台隍枕夷夏之交，宾主尽东南之美。都督阎公之雅望，棨戟遥临；宇文新州之懿范，襜帷暂驻。十旬休假，胜友如云；千里逢迎，高朋满座。腾蛟起凤，孟学士之词宗；紫电清霜，王将军之武库。家君作宰，路出名区，童子何知，躬逢胜饯。 时维九月，序属三秋。潦水尽而寒潭清，烟光凝而暮山紫。俨骖騑于上路，访风景于崇阿。临帝子之长洲，得天人之旧馆。层峦耸翠，上出重霄；飞阁流丹，下临无地。鹤汀凫渚，穷岛屿之萦回；桂殿兰宫，即冈峦之体势。披绣闼，俯雕甍，山原旷其盈视，川泽纡其骇瞩。闾阎扑地，钟鸣鼎食之家；舸舰迷津，青雀黄龙之舳。云销雨霁，彩彻云衢。落霞与孤鹜齐飞，秋水共长天一色。渔舟唱晚，响穷彭蠡之滨；雁阵惊寒，声断衡阳之浦。 遥襟甫畅，逸兴遄飞。爽籁发而清风生，纤歌凝而白云遏。睢园绿竹，气凌彭泽之樽；邺水朱华，光照临川之笔。四美具，二难并；穷睇眄于中天，极娱游于暇日。天高地迥，觉宇宙之无穷；兴尽悲来，识盈虚之有数。望长安于日下，目吴会于云间；地势极而南溟深，天柱高而北辰远。关山难越，谁悲失路之人？萍水相逢，尽是他乡之客。怀帝阍而不见，奉宣室以何年？ 嗟乎！时运不齐，命途多舛；冯唐易老，李广难封。屈贾谊于长沙，非无圣主；窜梁鸿于海曲，岂乏明时？所赖君子安贫，达人知命。老当益壮，宁移白首之心？穷且益坚，不坠青云之志。酌贪泉而觉爽，处涸辙以犹欢。北海虽赊，扶摇可接；东隅已逝，桑榆非晚。孟尝高洁，空余报国之情；阮籍猖狂，岂效穷途之哭？ 勃三尺微命，一介书生。无路请缨，等终军之弱冠；有怀投笔，慕宗悫之长风。舍簪笏于百龄，奉晨昏于万里；非谢家之宝树，接孟氏之芳邻。他日趋庭，叨陪鲤对；今兹捧袂，喜托龙门。杨意不逢，抚凌云而自惜；钟期既遇，奏流水以何惭？ 呜呼！胜地不常，盛筵难再；兰亭已矣，梓泽丘墟。临别赠言，幸承恩于伟饯；登高作赋，是所望于群公。敢竭鄙怀，恭疏短引；一言均赋，四...

小编导读：《酒德颂》是西晋竹林七贤之一的刘伶所作，《酒德颂》虽只一两百字，却是千古妙文，高度抽象地概括了刘伶喝酒的无上境界，顺带还向天下人暗示：“俺刘伶并非只会喝酒不能诗文，实是不屑为也。今随手挥一篇让尔等开开眼界。”雪泥鸿爪，令人更难窥见云中酒仙的超妙身影。 刘伶 《酒德颂》 有大人先生，以天地为一朝，万期为须臾，日月为扃牖，八荒为庭衢。行无辙迹，居无室庐，幕天席地，纵意所如。止则操卮执觚，动则挈榼提壶，惟酒是务，焉知其余？有贵介公子，搢绅处士，闻吾风声，议其所以。乃奋袂攘襟，怒目切齿，陈说礼法，是非锋起。先生于是方捧甕承槽，衔杯漱醪，奋髯箕踞，枕麴藉糟，无思无虑，其乐陶陶。兀然而醉，豁然而醒。静听不闻雷霆之声，熟视不睹泰山之形，不觉寒暑之切肌，利欲之感情。俯视万物扰扰焉，若江汉之载浮萍，二豪侍侧焉，如蜾蠃之与螟蛉。 In Praise of the Quality of Drinking Liu Ling There is a gentleman of high virtue and theright way Who takes the heaven and earth as of onemorning And ten millenniums a mere wink of a day, The sun and the moon his portal andcasement And the eight expanses his courtyard andhighway. He comes and goes without a track of hisvehicle, Puts up in no room or house wherein tostay, Using the sky as his tent and the groundhis mat, Doing whatever seeming to him pleasant andgay. When he stops anywhere, he holds his vaseand mug; When he moves on, he takes along his beakerand jug; Wine is the thing always and uppermost inhis mind; What else d...

小编导读：《答司马谏议书》是北宋著名文学家王安石所作，篇中对司马光加给作者的“侵官、生事、征利、拒谏、怨谤”五个罪名逐一作了反驳，并批评士大夫阶层的因循守旧，表明坚持变法的决心。言辞犀利，针锋相对，是古代的驳论名篇之一。 王安石 《答司马谏议书》 某启：昨日蒙教，窃以为与君实游处相好之日久，而议事每不合，所操之术多异故也。虽欲强聒，终必不蒙见察，故略上报，不复一一自辨。重念蒙君实视遇厚，于反复不宜卤莽，故今具道所以，冀君实或见恕也。 盖儒者所争，尤在于名实，名实已明，而天下之理得矣。今君实所以见教者，以为侵官、生事、征利、拒谏，以致天下怨谤也。某则以为受命于人主，议法度而修之于朝廷，以授之于有司，不为侵官；举先王之政，以兴利除弊，不为生事；为天下理财，不为征利；辟邪说，难壬人，不为拒谏。至于怨诽之多，则固前知其如此也。人习于苟且非一日，士大夫多以不恤国事、同俗自媚于众为善，上乃欲变此，而某不量敌之众寡，欲出力助上以抗之，则众何为而不汹汹然？盘庚之迁，胥怨者民也，非特朝廷士大夫而已。盘庚不为怨者故改其度，度义而后动，视而不见可悔故也。如君实责我以在位久，未能助上大有为，以膏泽斯民，则某知罪矣；如曰今日当一切不事事，守前所为而已，则非某之所敢知。 无由会晤，不任区区向往之至。 Reply to a Letter from Counsellor Sima Guang Wang Anshi Greetings from Wang Anshi: Yesterday I had the honour to receive your instructions. We have long been acquainted and on a friendly footing, yet it seems to me that we usually disagree in our deliberations because the lines we take are fundamentally different. Much as I would have liked to argue my case at length, I knew you would never accept it; that is why I simply acknowledged your letter brie...

小编导读：《黄冈竹楼记》是北宋文学家王禹偁的一篇散文，写于作者被贬黄州期间。作者借谪居之乐，抒写屡遭贬谪的不满之情。这种宦途失意、寄情山水的情怀，在封建时代具有一定的代表性 王禹偁 《黄冈竹楼记》 黄冈之地多竹，大者如椽。竹工破之，刳去其节，用代陶瓦。比屋皆然，以其价廉而工省也。 子城西北隅，雉堞圮毁，蓁莽荒秽，因作小楼二间，与月波楼通。远吞山光，平挹江濑，幽阒辽夐，不可具状。夏宜急雨，有瀑布声；冬宜密雪，有碎玉声。宜鼓琴，琴调虚畅；宜咏诗，诗韵清绝；宜围棋，子声丁丁然；宜投壶，矢声铮铮然：皆竹楼之所助也。 公退之暇，被鹤氅衣，戴华阳巾，手执《周易》一卷，焚香默坐，消遣世虑。江山之外，第见风帆、沙鸟、烟云、竹树而已。待其酒力醒，茶烟歇，送夕阳，迎素月，亦谪居之胜概也。 彼齐云、落星，高则高矣；井干、丽谯，华则华矣。止于贮妓女，藏歌舞，非骚人之事，吾所不取。 吾闻竹工云：竹之为瓦，仅十稔，若重覆之，得二十稔。噫！吾以至道乙未岁，自翰林出滁上，丙申移广陵，丁酉，又入西掖，戊戌岁除日，有齐安之命，已亥闰三月到郡。四年之间，奔走不暇，未知明年又在何处，岂惧竹楼之易朽乎！幸后之人与我同志，嗣而葺之，庶斯楼之不朽也。 The Bamboo Pavilion at Huanggang Wang Yucheng The country of Huanggan abounds in bamboo, the largest as big asrafters. Bamboo workers split the stems and slice off the knots, and the bamboois used in place of earthen tiles. All the buildings here are roofed with thesebamboo tiles because they are cheap and save labour. At the northwest corner ofmy city the walls had crumbled, the ground was overgrown with brambles, theplace wild and dirty; so I had a small two-room pavilion constructe...